Islamic Inheritance Calculator
Islamic Inheritance Calculator Complete Wirasat Formula Guide with Examples
Islamic inheritance (Wirasat / Mirath) is one of the most detailed and precisely defined systems in the Quran. Allah has Himself defined the exact shares of every heir in Surah An-Nisa (Chapter 4). No other area of Islamic law has been explained in such mathematical detail in the Quran. This guide covers every rule, every formula, and every scenario with solved examples.
Quranic Reference
Surah An-Nisa 4:11-12, 4:176 — These three verses contain the complete inheritance law. Allah says at the end of these verses:
"These are the limits set by Allah. Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger will be admitted to Gardens under which rivers flow, to abide therein forever. That is the great triumph." — Quran 4:13
"And whoever disobeys Allah and His Messenger and transgresses His limits — He will put him into the Fire to abide eternally therein, and he will have a humiliating punishment." — Quran 4:14
1. Before Inheritance Distribution 4 Mandatory Steps
Before dividing the estate among heirs, four things must be settled first, in this exact order:
Step 1: Funeral and burial expenses (Tajheez-o-Takfeen)
Step 2: Pay off all debts of the deceased
Step 3: Execute the will / wasiyyat (max 1/3 of estate, cannot be for an heir)
Step 4: Distribute remaining estate among heirs
Formula:
Edistributable = Total Estate - Funeral Cost - Debts - Wasiyyat (max 1/3)
Wasiyyat Rule:
Wmax = (Total Estate - Funeral - Debts) × 1/3
Wasiyyat cannot exceed 1/3
Wasiyyat cannot be made in favor of any legal heir
Step 2: Pay off all debts of the deceased
Step 3: Execute the will / wasiyyat (max 1/3 of estate, cannot be for an heir)
Step 4: Distribute remaining estate among heirs
Formula:
Edistributable = Total Estate - Funeral Cost - Debts - Wasiyyat (max 1/3)
Wasiyyat Rule:
Wmax = (Total Estate - Funeral - Debts) × 1/3
Wasiyyat cannot exceed 1/3
Wasiyyat cannot be made in favor of any legal heir
Demo: Pre-Distribution Calculation
Scenario: Mr. Khalid passed away. Total estate: PKR 1,00,00,000 (1 Crore)
Total Estate = PKR 1,00,00,000
(-) Funeral expenses = PKR 50,000
(-) Outstanding debts = PKR 5,00,000
(-) Wasiyyat (for orphanage) = PKR 15,00,000
Check Wasiyyat limit:
Remaining after funeral + debts = 1,00,00,000 - 50,000 - 5,00,000 = 94,50,000
1/3 of 94,50,000 = 31,50,000
15,00,000 < 31,50,000 — Wasiyyat is VALID
Edistributable = 94,50,000 - 15,00,000
Edistributable = PKR 79,50,000
This amount will be distributed among heirs.
(-) Funeral expenses = PKR 50,000
(-) Outstanding debts = PKR 5,00,000
(-) Wasiyyat (for orphanage) = PKR 15,00,000
Check Wasiyyat limit:
Remaining after funeral + debts = 1,00,00,000 - 50,000 - 5,00,000 = 94,50,000
1/3 of 94,50,000 = 31,50,000
15,00,000 < 31,50,000 — Wasiyyat is VALID
Edistributable = 94,50,000 - 15,00,000
Edistributable = PKR 79,50,000
This amount will be distributed among heirs.
2. Types of Heirs in Islam
Three Categories of Heirs
A) Dhawul Furudh (Fixed Share Holders)
Heirs whose shares are FIXED in the Quran. These shares are given FIRST.
| Heir | Possible Shares |
|---|---|
| Husband | 1/4 or 1/2 |
| Wife (1 to 4) | 1/8 or 1/4 (shared among all wives) |
| Father | 1/6 (+ Asaba if no sons) |
| Mother | 1/6 or 1/3 |
| Daughter(s) | 1/2 or 2/3 (if no sons) |
| Son's Daughter(s) | 1/2 or 1/6 |
| Paternal Grandmother | 1/6 |
| Maternal Grandmother | 1/6 |
| Full Sister(s) | 1/2 or 2/3 |
| Half Sister (paternal) | 1/2 or 1/6 or 2/3 |
| Half Brother/Sister (maternal) | 1/6 or 1/3 |
B) Asaba (Residuary Heirs)
Heirs who receive whatever remains AFTER the fixed shares are distributed.
| Heir | Rule |
|---|---|
| Son | Always Asaba — gets remaining. With daughters: son gets 2x daughter share. |
| Father | Gets 1/6 as fixed share + Asaba if no son exists |
| Grandson (son's son) | Asaba if no son exists |
| Full Brother | Asaba if no son, grandson, or father |
| Paternal Half Brother | Asaba if no full brother |
| Uncle (paternal) | Asaba if no closer male relative |
C) Dhawul Arham (Distant Relatives)
They inherit only when no Dhawul Furudh and no Asaba exist. Examples: maternal uncle, maternal aunt, daughter's children, sister's children.
3. Husband's Share
Formula
If wife has NO children or grandchildren:
Husband's Share = E × 1/2 (50%)
If wife HAS children or grandchildren (from this or any husband):
Husband's Share = E × 1/4 (25%)
Reference: Quran 4:12
Husband's Share = E × 1/2 (50%)
If wife HAS children or grandchildren (from this or any husband):
Husband's Share = E × 1/4 (25%)
Reference: Quran 4:12
Demo: Husband's Share
Scenario A: Wife died. No children. Estate: PKR 20,00,000
Husband = 20,00,000 × 1/2
Husband = PKR 10,00,000 (50%)
Husband = PKR 10,00,000 (50%)
Scenario B: Wife died. Has 2 sons. Estate: PKR 20,00,000
Husband = 20,00,000 × 1/4
Husband = PKR 5,00,000 (25%)
Husband = PKR 5,00,000 (25%)
4. Wife's Share (1 to 4 Wives)
Formula
If husband has NO children or grandchildren:
Wife's Total Share = E × 1/4 (25%)
If husband HAS children or grandchildren (from any wife):
Wife's Total Share = E × 1/8 (12.5%)
Multiple Wives (2, 3, or 4):
The total share (1/4 or 1/8) is SHARED EQUALLY among all wives.
Each Wife = Total Wife Share / Number of Wives
Reference: Quran 4:12
Wife's Total Share = E × 1/4 (25%)
If husband HAS children or grandchildren (from any wife):
Wife's Total Share = E × 1/8 (12.5%)
Multiple Wives (2, 3, or 4):
The total share (1/4 or 1/8) is SHARED EQUALLY among all wives.
Each Wife = Total Wife Share / Number of Wives
Reference: Quran 4:12
Important: Whether there is 1 wife or 4 wives, the TOTAL share remains the same (1/4 or 1/8). It is divided equally among all wives. More wives does NOT mean more total share.
Demo: Wife/Wives Share
Scenario A: Husband died. 1 wife. No children. Estate: PKR 40,00,000
Wife = 40,00,000 × 1/4
Wife = PKR 10,00,000 (25%)
Wife = PKR 10,00,000 (25%)
Scenario B: Husband died. 1 wife. Has 3 sons. Estate: PKR 40,00,000
Wife = 40,00,000 × 1/8
Wife = PKR 5,00,000 (12.5%)
Wife = PKR 5,00,000 (12.5%)
Scenario C: Husband died. 3 wives. Has 2 sons. Estate: PKR 40,00,000
Total wives share = 40,00,000 × 1/8 = 5,00,000
Each wife = 5,00,000 / 3
Each Wife = PKR 1,66,667 (4.17% each)
Each wife = 5,00,000 / 3
Each Wife = PKR 1,66,667 (4.17% each)
Scenario D: Husband died. 4 wives. No children. Estate: PKR 40,00,000
Total wives share = 40,00,000 × 1/4 = 10,00,000
Each wife = 10,00,000 / 4
Each Wife = PKR 2,50,000 (6.25% each)
Each wife = 10,00,000 / 4
Each Wife = PKR 2,50,000 (6.25% each)
5. Sons and Daughters Share
Formula
Rule: "Male gets twice the share of female" — Quran 4:11
A) Only Sons (no daughters):
Each Son = Remaining / Number of Sons
(Equal distribution among sons)
B) Only Daughters (no sons):
1 Daughter = E × 1/2 (50%)
2+ Daughters = E × 2/3 (66.67%) shared equally
Each Daughter = (2/3 of E) / Number of Daughters
C) Sons AND Daughters together:
Total Parts = (Sons × 2) + (Daughters × 1)
Value per Part = Remaining / Total Parts
Each Son = 2 × Value per Part
Each Daughter = 1 × Value per Part
Reference: Quran 4:11
A) Only Sons (no daughters):
Each Son = Remaining / Number of Sons
(Equal distribution among sons)
B) Only Daughters (no sons):
1 Daughter = E × 1/2 (50%)
2+ Daughters = E × 2/3 (66.67%) shared equally
Each Daughter = (2/3 of E) / Number of Daughters
C) Sons AND Daughters together:
Total Parts = (Sons × 2) + (Daughters × 1)
Value per Part = Remaining / Total Parts
Each Son = 2 × Value per Part
Each Daughter = 1 × Value per Part
Reference: Quran 4:11
Demo: Only Sons
Scenario: Father died. Wife + 3 Sons. Estate: PKR 80,00,000
Step 1: Wife's share
Wife = 80,00,000 × 1/8 = PKR 10,00,000
Step 2: Remaining for sons
Remaining = 80,00,000 - 10,00,000 = 70,00,000
Step 3: Each son
Each Son = 70,00,000 / 3
Each Son = PKR 23,33,333
Wife = 80,00,000 × 1/8 = PKR 10,00,000
Step 2: Remaining for sons
Remaining = 80,00,000 - 10,00,000 = 70,00,000
Step 3: Each son
Each Son = 70,00,000 / 3
Each Son = PKR 23,33,333
| Heir | Share | Amount (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wife | 1/8 | 10,00,000 | 12.5% |
| Son 1 | Asaba | 23,33,333 | 29.17% |
| Son 2 | Asaba | 23,33,333 | 29.17% |
| Son 3 | Asaba | 23,33,333 | 29.17% |
| TOTAL | 80,00,000 | 100% |
Demo: Only Daughters
Scenario A: Father died. Wife + 1 Daughter. Estate: PKR 60,00,000
Wife = 60,00,000 × 1/8 = 7,50,000
1 Daughter = 60,00,000 × 1/2 = 30,00,000
Remaining = 60,00,000 - 7,50,000 - 30,00,000 = 22,50,000
(Remaining goes to nearest male Asaba — e.g. father's brother)
1 Daughter = 60,00,000 × 1/2 = 30,00,000
Remaining = 60,00,000 - 7,50,000 - 30,00,000 = 22,50,000
(Remaining goes to nearest male Asaba — e.g. father's brother)
Scenario B: Father died. Wife + 3 Daughters. No sons. Estate: PKR 60,00,000
Wife = 60,00,000 × 1/8 = 7,50,000
3 Daughters total = 60,00,000 × 2/3 = 40,00,000
Each Daughter = 40,00,000 / 3 = 13,33,333
Remaining = 60,00,000 - 7,50,000 - 40,00,000 = 12,50,000
(Remaining goes to nearest male Asaba)
3 Daughters total = 60,00,000 × 2/3 = 40,00,000
Each Daughter = 40,00,000 / 3 = 13,33,333
Remaining = 60,00,000 - 7,50,000 - 40,00,000 = 12,50,000
(Remaining goes to nearest male Asaba)
Demo: Sons AND Daughters Together
Scenario: Father died. Wife + 2 Sons + 3 Daughters. Estate: PKR 1,00,00,000
Step 1: Wife
Wife = 1,00,00,000 × 1/8 = 12,50,000
Step 2: Remaining
Remaining = 1,00,00,000 - 12,50,000 = 87,50,000
Step 3: Calculate parts
Total Parts = (2 sons × 2) + (3 daughters × 1)
Total Parts = 4 + 3 = 7 parts
Step 4: Value per part
Per Part = 87,50,000 / 7 = 12,50,000
Step 5: Distribution
Each Son = 2 × 12,50,000 = PKR 25,00,000
Each Daughter = 1 × 12,50,000 = PKR 12,50,000
Wife = 1,00,00,000 × 1/8 = 12,50,000
Step 2: Remaining
Remaining = 1,00,00,000 - 12,50,000 = 87,50,000
Step 3: Calculate parts
Total Parts = (2 sons × 2) + (3 daughters × 1)
Total Parts = 4 + 3 = 7 parts
Step 4: Value per part
Per Part = 87,50,000 / 7 = 12,50,000
Step 5: Distribution
Each Son = 2 × 12,50,000 = PKR 25,00,000
Each Daughter = 1 × 12,50,000 = PKR 12,50,000
| Heir | Parts | Amount (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wife | 1/8 | 12,50,000 | 12.5% |
| Son 1 | 2 parts | 25,00,000 | 25.0% |
| Son 2 | 2 parts | 25,00,000 | 25.0% |
| Daughter 1 | 1 part | 12,50,000 | 12.5% |
| Daughter 2 | 1 part | 12,50,000 | 12.5% |
| Daughter 3 | 1 part | 12,50,000 | 12.5% |
| TOTAL | 7 parts | 1,00,00,000 | 100% |
6. Father's and Mother's Share
Father's Share Formula
If deceased has sons/grandsons:
Father = E × 1/6 (fixed share only)
If deceased has only daughters (no sons):
Father = E × 1/6 (fixed) + Remaining as Asaba
If deceased has NO children at all:
Father = Asaba (gets all remaining after other fixed shares)
Father = E × 1/6 (fixed share only)
If deceased has only daughters (no sons):
Father = E × 1/6 (fixed) + Remaining as Asaba
If deceased has NO children at all:
Father = Asaba (gets all remaining after other fixed shares)
Mother's Share Formula
If deceased has children or grandchildren:
Mother = E × 1/6 (16.67%)
If deceased has 2 or more siblings:
Mother = E × 1/6 (16.67%)
If deceased has NO children AND less than 2 siblings:
Mother = E × 1/3 (33.33%)
Reference: Quran 4:11
Mother = E × 1/6 (16.67%)
If deceased has 2 or more siblings:
Mother = E × 1/6 (16.67%)
If deceased has NO children AND less than 2 siblings:
Mother = E × 1/3 (33.33%)
Reference: Quran 4:11
Demo: Father + Mother + Children
Scenario: Man died. Wife + Father + Mother + 1 Son + 1 Daughter. Estate: PKR 1,20,00,000
Wife = 1,20,00,000 × 1/8 = 15,00,000
Father = 1,20,00,000 × 1/6 = 20,00,000 (fixed, because son exists)
Mother = 1,20,00,000 × 1/6 = 20,00,000 (because children exist)
Remaining = 1,20,00,000 - 15,00,000 - 20,00,000 - 20,00,000
Remaining = 65,00,000
Son + Daughter (2:1 ratio):
Parts = (1 × 2) + (1 × 1) = 3 parts
Per Part = 65,00,000 / 3 = 21,66,667
Son = 2 × 21,66,667 = 43,33,333
Daughter = 1 × 21,66,667 = 21,66,667
Father = 1,20,00,000 × 1/6 = 20,00,000 (fixed, because son exists)
Mother = 1,20,00,000 × 1/6 = 20,00,000 (because children exist)
Remaining = 1,20,00,000 - 15,00,000 - 20,00,000 - 20,00,000
Remaining = 65,00,000
Son + Daughter (2:1 ratio):
Parts = (1 × 2) + (1 × 1) = 3 parts
Per Part = 65,00,000 / 3 = 21,66,667
Son = 2 × 21,66,667 = 43,33,333
Daughter = 1 × 21,66,667 = 21,66,667
| Heir | Share | Amount (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wife | 1/8 | 15,00,000 | 12.50% |
| Father | 1/6 | 20,00,000 | 16.67% |
| Mother | 1/6 | 20,00,000 | 16.67% |
| Son | Asaba (2x) | 43,33,333 | 36.11% |
| Daughter | Asaba (1x) | 21,66,667 | 18.06% |
| TOTAL | 1,20,00,000 | 100% |
7. Brothers and Sisters Share
When Do Siblings Inherit?
Siblings inherit ONLY when:
- Deceased has NO sons, NO grandsons (son's sons)
- AND (for full/paternal siblings) NO father
If son OR father exists, siblings get NOTHING.
- Deceased has NO sons, NO grandsons (son's sons)
- AND (for full/paternal siblings) NO father
If son OR father exists, siblings get NOTHING.
Full Brothers (same father same mother):
With sisters: Brother gets 2x sister share (Asaba)
Without sisters: Equal division among brothers (Asaba)
Full Sisters (same father same mother):
1 Sister alone = E × 1/2
2+ Sisters = E × 2/3 (shared equally)
With brothers: 1 part each (brother gets 2 parts)
Paternal Half Brothers/Sisters:
Same rules as full siblings, but they are blocked if full brother exists.
Paternal half sister gets 1/6 if one full sister already took 1/2.
Maternal Half Siblings (same mother, different father):
1 = E × 1/6
2+ = E × 1/3 (shared equally, male = female)
Unique: Maternal siblings share equally regardless of gender.
Reference: Quran 4:12 and 4:176
With sisters: Brother gets 2x sister share (Asaba)
Without sisters: Equal division among brothers (Asaba)
Full Sisters (same father same mother):
1 Sister alone = E × 1/2
2+ Sisters = E × 2/3 (shared equally)
With brothers: 1 part each (brother gets 2 parts)
Paternal Half Brothers/Sisters:
Same rules as full siblings, but they are blocked if full brother exists.
Paternal half sister gets 1/6 if one full sister already took 1/2.
Maternal Half Siblings (same mother, different father):
1 = E × 1/6
2+ = E × 1/3 (shared equally, male = female)
Unique: Maternal siblings share equally regardless of gender.
Reference: Quran 4:12 and 4:176
Demo: Siblings Inheritance
Scenario: Man died. No children. No father. Wife + Mother + 2 Full Brothers + 1 Full Sister. Estate: PKR 60,00,000
Wife = 60,00,000 × 1/4 = 15,00,000 (no children)
Mother = 60,00,000 × 1/6 = 10,00,000 (2+ siblings exist)
Remaining = 60,00,000 - 15,00,000 - 10,00,000 = 35,00,000
Brothers + Sister (2:1 ratio):
Parts = (2 brothers × 2) + (1 sister × 1) = 5 parts
Per Part = 35,00,000 / 5 = 7,00,000
Each Brother = 2 × 7,00,000 = 14,00,000
Sister = 1 × 7,00,000 = 7,00,000
Mother = 60,00,000 × 1/6 = 10,00,000 (2+ siblings exist)
Remaining = 60,00,000 - 15,00,000 - 10,00,000 = 35,00,000
Brothers + Sister (2:1 ratio):
Parts = (2 brothers × 2) + (1 sister × 1) = 5 parts
Per Part = 35,00,000 / 5 = 7,00,000
Each Brother = 2 × 7,00,000 = 14,00,000
Sister = 1 × 7,00,000 = 7,00,000
| Heir | Share | Amount (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wife | 1/4 | 15,00,000 | 25.0% |
| Mother | 1/6 | 10,00,000 | 16.67% |
| Brother 1 | Asaba (2x) | 14,00,000 | 23.33% |
| Brother 2 | Asaba (2x) | 14,00,000 | 23.33% |
| Sister | Asaba (1x) | 7,00,000 | 11.67% |
| TOTAL | 60,00,000 | 100% |
8. Grandparents Share
Paternal Grandfather:
Takes father's place if father is not alive.
Same rules as father: 1/6 with children, Asaba without.
Grandmother (paternal or maternal):
Gets 1/6 — but ONLY if mother is not alive.
If mother is alive, grandmother gets nothing.
Multiple grandmothers share the 1/6 equally.
Grandmother = E × 1/6 (if mother not alive)
Takes father's place if father is not alive.
Same rules as father: 1/6 with children, Asaba without.
Grandmother (paternal or maternal):
Gets 1/6 — but ONLY if mother is not alive.
If mother is alive, grandmother gets nothing.
Multiple grandmothers share the 1/6 equally.
Grandmother = E × 1/6 (if mother not alive)
9. Blocking Rules (Hajb) — Who Blocks Whom
Complete Blocking Rules
| Heir | Blocked By (Gets Nothing If This Person Exists) |
|---|---|
| Grandfather | Father |
| Grandmother | Mother |
| Grandson (son's son) | Son |
| Son's Daughter | 2+ Daughters (unless son's son exists) or Son |
| Full Brother | Son, Grandson, Father |
| Full Sister | Son, Grandson, Father |
| Paternal Half Brother | Son, Grandson, Father, Full Brother |
| Paternal Half Sister | Son, Grandson, Father, Full Brother, 2 Full Sisters |
| Maternal Half Siblings | Child, Grandchild, Father, Grandfather |
| Uncle (paternal) | Son, Grandson, Father, Grandfather, Brother |
10. Complete Share Reference Table
| Heir | Condition | Share | Fraction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Husband | No children/grandchildren | 1/2 | 50% |
| Has children/grandchildren | 1/4 | 25% | |
| Wife (1-4) | No children/grandchildren | 1/4 (shared) | 25% total |
| Has children/grandchildren | 1/8 (shared) | 12.5% total | |
| Father | Deceased has son/grandson | 1/6 | 16.67% |
| Only daughters, no sons | 1/6 + Asaba | 16.67% + remaining | |
| No children at all | Asaba | All remaining | |
| Mother | Has children or 2+ siblings | 1/6 | 16.67% |
| No children, less than 2 siblings | 1/3 | 33.33% | |
| Son | Always inherits | Asaba (2x daughter) | Remaining |
| Daughter | With brothers (sons) | Asaba (1x, son gets 2x) | Half of son |
| 1 daughter alone, no sons | 1/2 | 50% | |
| 2+ daughters, no sons | 2/3 (shared) | 66.67% total | |
| Full Sister | 1 sister, no sons/father/brothers | 1/2 | 50% |
| 2+ sisters, no sons/father/brothers | 2/3 (shared) | 66.67% total | |
| Full Brother | No sons, no father | Asaba (2x sister) | Remaining |
| Maternal Half Sibling | 1 sibling | 1/6 | 16.67% |
| 2+ siblings (male=female) | 1/3 (shared equally) | 33.33% total | |
| Grandmother | Mother not alive | 1/6 | 16.67% |
11. Complex Real-Life Scenarios — Solved
Scenario 1: Man with 4 Wives and Children from Multiple Wives
Deceased: Man. Estate: PKR 2,40,00,000
Heirs: 4 Wives + Father + Mother + 3 Sons (from wife 1) + 2 Daughters (from wife 2) + 1 Son (from wife 3). Wife 4 has no children.
E = 2,40,00,000
4 Wives (total share):
Children exist, so: 1/8 total
Total = 2,40,00,000 × 1/8 = 30,00,000
Each wife = 30,00,000 / 4 = 7,50,000 each
Father:
Sons exist, so: 1/6 fixed only
Father = 2,40,00,000 × 1/6 = 40,00,000
Mother:
Children exist, so: 1/6
Mother = 2,40,00,000 × 1/6 = 40,00,000
Remaining for children:
R = 2,40,00,000 - 30,00,000 - 40,00,000 - 40,00,000
R = 1,30,00,000
All children combined (regardless of which wife):
4 Sons + 2 Daughters
Parts = (4 × 2) + (2 × 1) = 10 parts
Per Part = 1,30,00,000 / 10 = 13,00,000
Each Son = 2 × 13,00,000 = 26,00,000
Each Daughter = 1 × 13,00,000 = 13,00,000
4 Wives (total share):
Children exist, so: 1/8 total
Total = 2,40,00,000 × 1/8 = 30,00,000
Each wife = 30,00,000 / 4 = 7,50,000 each
Father:
Sons exist, so: 1/6 fixed only
Father = 2,40,00,000 × 1/6 = 40,00,000
Mother:
Children exist, so: 1/6
Mother = 2,40,00,000 × 1/6 = 40,00,000
Remaining for children:
R = 2,40,00,000 - 30,00,000 - 40,00,000 - 40,00,000
R = 1,30,00,000
All children combined (regardless of which wife):
4 Sons + 2 Daughters
Parts = (4 × 2) + (2 × 1) = 10 parts
Per Part = 1,30,00,000 / 10 = 13,00,000
Each Son = 2 × 13,00,000 = 26,00,000
Each Daughter = 1 × 13,00,000 = 13,00,000
| Heir | Count | Each (PKR) | Total (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wife 1 | 1 | 7,50,000 | 7,50,000 | 3.13% |
| Wife 2 | 1 | 7,50,000 | 7,50,000 | 3.13% |
| Wife 3 | 1 | 7,50,000 | 7,50,000 | 3.13% |
| Wife 4 | 1 | 7,50,000 | 7,50,000 | 3.13% |
| Father | 1 | 40,00,000 | 40,00,000 | 16.67% |
| Mother | 1 | 40,00,000 | 40,00,000 | 16.67% |
| Sons | 4 | 26,00,000 | 1,04,00,000 | 43.33% |
| Daughters | 2 | 13,00,000 | 26,00,000 | 10.83% |
| TOTAL | 12 | 2,40,00,000 | 100% |
Key Point: All children inherit equally from the father regardless of which wife is their mother. There is NO preference based on which wife the child is from. Each son gets 2x each daughter share.
Scenario 2: Woman Dies — Husband + Parents + Siblings
Deceased: Woman. No children. Estate: PKR 50,00,000
Heirs: Husband + Father + Mother
Husband: No children, so 1/2
Husband = 50,00,000 × 1/2 = 25,00,000
Mother: No children, no 2+ siblings, so 1/3
BUT special rule: When only Husband + Father + Mother exist:
Mother gets 1/3 of REMAINING (after husband), not 1/3 of total.
Remaining = 50,00,000 - 25,00,000 = 25,00,000
Mother = 25,00,000 × 1/3 = 8,33,333
Father: Asaba (gets remaining)
Father = 25,00,000 - 8,33,333 = 16,66,667
Husband = 50,00,000 × 1/2 = 25,00,000
Mother: No children, no 2+ siblings, so 1/3
BUT special rule: When only Husband + Father + Mother exist:
Mother gets 1/3 of REMAINING (after husband), not 1/3 of total.
Remaining = 50,00,000 - 25,00,000 = 25,00,000
Mother = 25,00,000 × 1/3 = 8,33,333
Father: Asaba (gets remaining)
Father = 25,00,000 - 8,33,333 = 16,66,667
| Heir | Share | Amount (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Husband | 1/2 | 25,00,000 | 50.0% |
| Father | Asaba | 16,66,667 | 33.33% |
| Mother | 1/3 of remaining | 8,33,333 | 16.67% |
| TOTAL | 50,00,000 | 100% |
This is the famous "Umariyyah" case — named after Umar ibn Al-Khattab (RA) who ruled that mother gets 1/3 of the remainder, not 1/3 of total. This ensures father gets more than mother (2:1 ratio maintained).
Scenario 3: No Spouse, No Children — Parents + Siblings
Deceased: Unmarried man. Estate: PKR 30,00,000
Heirs: Father + Mother
Mother: No children, no siblings, so 1/3
Mother = 30,00,000 × 1/3 = 10,00,000
Father: Asaba (remaining)
Father = 30,00,000 - 10,00,000 = 20,00,000
Father gets exactly 2x Mother. The 2:1 male-female ratio is preserved.
Mother = 30,00,000 × 1/3 = 10,00,000
Father: Asaba (remaining)
Father = 30,00,000 - 10,00,000 = 20,00,000
Father gets exactly 2x Mother. The 2:1 male-female ratio is preserved.
Scenario 4: Only Daughters, No Sons
Deceased: Man. Estate: PKR 1,00,00,000
Heirs: Wife + Father + Mother + 2 Daughters (no sons)
Wife: Children exist, so 1/8
Wife = 1,00,00,000 × 1/8 = 12,50,000
Father: Only daughters (no sons), so 1/6 + Asaba
Father fixed = 1,00,00,000 × 1/6 = 16,66,667
Mother: Children exist, so 1/6
Mother = 1,00,00,000 × 1/6 = 16,66,667
2 Daughters: No sons, 2+ daughters, so 2/3
Total daughters = 1,00,00,000 × 2/3 = 66,66,667
Each daughter = 66,66,667 / 2 = 33,33,333
Total fixed shares = 12,50,000 + 16,66,667 + 16,66,667 + 66,66,667 = 1,12,50,000
Problem: 1,12,50,000 > 1,00,00,000
This is called "Awl" — shares exceed 100%
Solution (Awl): Increase denominator proportionally.
Original shares: Wife 3/24, Father 4/24, Mother 4/24, Daughters 16/24 = 27/24
New base = 27 (instead of 24)
Wife = 3/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 11,11,111
Father = 4/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 14,81,481
Mother = 4/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 14,81,481
Each Daughter = 8/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 29,62,963
(Father does not get Asaba in Awl case)
Wife = 1,00,00,000 × 1/8 = 12,50,000
Father: Only daughters (no sons), so 1/6 + Asaba
Father fixed = 1,00,00,000 × 1/6 = 16,66,667
Mother: Children exist, so 1/6
Mother = 1,00,00,000 × 1/6 = 16,66,667
2 Daughters: No sons, 2+ daughters, so 2/3
Total daughters = 1,00,00,000 × 2/3 = 66,66,667
Each daughter = 66,66,667 / 2 = 33,33,333
Total fixed shares = 12,50,000 + 16,66,667 + 16,66,667 + 66,66,667 = 1,12,50,000
Problem: 1,12,50,000 > 1,00,00,000
This is called "Awl" — shares exceed 100%
Solution (Awl): Increase denominator proportionally.
Original shares: Wife 3/24, Father 4/24, Mother 4/24, Daughters 16/24 = 27/24
New base = 27 (instead of 24)
Wife = 3/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 11,11,111
Father = 4/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 14,81,481
Mother = 4/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 14,81,481
Each Daughter = 8/27 × 1,00,00,000 = 29,62,963
(Father does not get Asaba in Awl case)
| Heir | Original | Awl Adjusted | Amount (PKR) | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wife | 3/24 | 3/27 | 11,11,111 | 11.11% |
| Father | 4/24 | 4/27 | 14,81,481 | 14.81% |
| Mother | 4/24 | 4/27 | 14,81,481 | 14.81% |
| Daughter 1 | 8/24 | 8/27 | 29,62,963 | 29.63% |
| Daughter 2 | 8/24 | 8/27 | 29,62,963 | 29.63% |
| TOTAL | 27/24 | 27/27 | 1,00,00,000 | 100% |
12. Special Cases in Islamic Inheritance
A) Awl (Increase) — When Shares Exceed 100%
When the total of all fixed shares exceeds the estate, all shares are proportionally reduced. The common denominator is increased so that the total becomes 100%. Nobody is removed — everyone gets a proportionally smaller share.
B) Radd (Return) — When Shares Are Less Than 100%
When all fixed shares are distributed and there is no Asaba heir, the remaining amount is returned (radd) proportionally to the fixed share holders. Note: Husband and Wife do NOT get Radd according to Hanafi fiqh.
C) Unborn Child
If the deceased's wife is pregnant at the time of death, distribution is delayed until the child is born. The child inherits based on whether it is a boy or girl.
D) Missing Person
If an heir is missing, their share is reserved until their status (alive or dead) is confirmed by Islamic court.
E) Murderer Cannot Inherit
If an heir killed the deceased (intentionally), they are completely excluded from inheritance. This is based on the Hadith: "The killer does not inherit." (Tirmidhi)
F) Different Religion
A Muslim does not inherit from a non-Muslim, and a non-Muslim does not inherit from a Muslim. Based on the Hadith: "A Muslim does not inherit from a disbeliever, and a disbeliever does not inherit from a Muslim." (Bukhari and Muslim)
13. Step-by-Step Method to Calculate Any Inheritance
Step 1: Pay funeral expenses
Step 2: Pay all debts
Step 3: Execute wasiyyat (max 1/3, not for heir)
Step 4: Identify all heirs
Step 5: Remove blocked heirs
Step 6: Calculate spouse share first
Step 7: Calculate parents share
Step 8: Calculate children/siblings share
Step 9: Check for Awl (if total > 100%, reduce proportionally)
Step 10: Check for Radd (if total < 100%, return to eligible heirs)
Step 11: Verify total = 100% of estate
Step 2: Pay all debts
Step 3: Execute wasiyyat (max 1/3, not for heir)
Step 4: Identify all heirs
Step 5: Remove blocked heirs
Step 6: Calculate spouse share first
Step 7: Calculate parents share
Step 8: Calculate children/siblings share
Step 9: Check for Awl (if total > 100%, reduce proportionally)
Step 10: Check for Radd (if total < 100%, return to eligible heirs)
Step 11: Verify total = 100% of estate
Important Disclaimer
Islamic inheritance law (Ilm ul Faraid) is one of the most complex areas of Islamic jurisprudence. This guide provides general calculations based on Hanafi fiqh. Different schools of thought (Shafi, Maliki, Hanbali) may have slight variations in certain scenarios.
For actual inheritance distribution, you MUST consult a qualified Islamic scholar (Mufti) or Shariah court. This calculator is for educational purposes only.
Quranic References:
- Surah An-Nisa 4:7 — Right of inheritance established
- Surah An-Nisa 4:11 — Children and parents shares
- Surah An-Nisa 4:12 — Spouse and siblings shares
- Surah An-Nisa 4:176 — Kalalah (no parents, no children) ruling
Hadith References:
- Sahih Bukhari — Book of Inheritance (Kitab al-Faraid)
- Sahih Muslim — Book of Inheritance
- Sunan Abu Dawud — Book of Inheritance
The Prophet (PBUH) said: "Learn the laws of inheritance and teach them, for they are half of knowledge." (Ibn Majah)